The Earth has reached a tipping point. Runaway climate change, the sixth great extinction of planetary life, the acidification of the oceans&;all point toward an era of unprecedented turbulence in humanity&;s relationship within the web of life. But just what is that relationship, and how do we make sense of this extraordinary transition? Anthropocene or Capitalocene? offers answers to these questions from a dynamic group of leading critical scholars who challenge the conventional practice of dividing historical change and contemporary reality into &;Nature&; and &;Society,&; demonstrating the possibilities offered by a more nuanced and connective view of human environment-making, joined at every step with and within the biosphere. In distinct registers, the authors frame their discussions within a politics of hope that signal the possibilities for transcending capitalism, broadly understood as a &;world-ecology&; that joins nature, capital, and power as a historically evolving whole.