This fourth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association offers updated information in four key areas: reporting statistics; writing without bias; preparing manuscripts with a word processor for electronic production; publishing research in accordance with ethical principles of scientific publishing. Two goals shape the changes throughout the fourth edition: to encourage authors (a) to write about their research with specificity and (b) to write about their participants with sensitivity and accuracy. Regular users should find the chapters on editorial style and manuscript preparation a little easier to use than previous editions. Manuscript format requirements are more flexible and enable authors to take advantage of default settings on most word processors.