The American Civil War was by far the bloodiest conflict in American history. Arising out of a political crisis over the expansion of slavery, the war set the stage for the emergence of the modern American nation-state. This new interpretation of one of the most mythologized events in modern history combines narrative with analysis and an up-to-date assessment of the state of Civil War scholarship. The American Civil War: - emphasizes the importance of Northern public opinion in shaping the meaning and outcome of the crisis - argues that the war exposed deep social and political divisions within, as well as between, North and South - explores the experiences of ordinary soldiers and civilians, and the political and cultural context in which they lived - sets this distinctively American crisis over slavery and nationhood in the wider context of the nineteenth-century world. Concise and authoritative, this is an indispensable introduction to a critical period in modern American history.